Flameado térmico de corrales ovinos como estrategia complementaria de desinfección contra Psoroptes ovis Thermal flaming of sheep pens as a complementary disinfection strategy against Psoroptes ovis
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La sarna ovina causada por Psoroptes ovis es una enfermedad de gran impacto en la producción ovina debido a su alta transmisibilidad y a la capacidad del ácaro de sobrevivir fuera del hospedador durante varios días, lo que convierte a las instalaciones en importantes fuentes de reinfestación. En este contexto, el control no solo debe enfocarse en el tratamiento de los animales, sino también en la desinfección del ambiente. El presente estudio evaluó la eficacia del flameado térmico de corrales como estrategia complementaria de desinfección ambiental en el Campus La María de la Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, Ecuador. Se compararon tres tratamientos: un grupo control sin intervención, tratamiento químico con ivermectina al 1% y desinfección térmica mediante flameado con gas licuado de petróleo (≈1200 °C). La densidad de ácaros se determinó mediante muestreo en suelo y plataformas, expresada como ácaros por metro cuadrado, y la infestación en animales se evaluó clínicamente. Los resultados evidenciaron mayores densidades en el control (hasta 365 ácaros/m²) y menores en el flameado (≈45 ácaros/m²). La infestación en animales fue cercana al 80% en el control y alrededor del 40% en el flameado. La eficacia aumentó con el tiempo de exposición, alcanzando aproximadamente 95% a los 6 minutos. Se concluye que el flameado térmico es una alternativa eficaz para reducir la carga ambiental de ácaros y el riesgo de reinfestación
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